A significant debate has emerged in Gabon following the introduction of a new ordinance designed to regulate social media platforms. Although the document is dated February 26, its contents only became widely known after leaking online last week. The most contentious aspect of the legislation is found in Article 4, which effectively outlaws the use of pseudonyms.
Mandatory identification for all users
Under the new rules, every individual using social media must be clearly identifiable. This requirement mandates the disclosure of their full name and National Identification Number (NIP). For corporate users, the law requires the inclusion of official commercial registry information.
Bienvenue Effayong, a content creator known by the alias “Bitome” (meaning “trouble” in the local language) and a supporter of the current administration, has expressed strong approval for the measure. Having frequently been the target of anonymous online attacks, he believes the law is essential for accountability.
“I support this completely,” Effayong stated, arguing that anonymity is often used as a shield for defamation, insults, and efforts to destabilize the country. He maintains that users should be held accountable for their digital footprints.
Concerns over democratic freedoms
However, the move has faced stiff opposition from figures like Marcel Libama, a former member of the Transition Parliament. He characterizes the ordinance as a major blow to the freedom of expression guaranteed by the nation’s Constitution. Libama describes the legislation as “liberticidal” and views it as a sign of collapsing democratic standards.
Legal implementation and government goals
Because the ordinance was promulgated while Parliament was not in session, it became applicable immediately. Nevertheless, it must still undergo a review process by lawmakers, who hold the power to ratify, amend, or reject the text. It is worth noting that social media access has been officially suspended in Gabon since last February.
The Gabonese authorities justify these strict measures as a necessary step to protect the youth and eliminate online misconduct. Their primary objectives include stopping the spread of slander, curbing verbal abuse, and preventing actions intended to undermine government institutions.
