Sénégal’s constitutional reform to face popular vote after parliamentary approval

The President of Senegal, Bassirou Diomaye Faye, has announced plans to submit the proposed constitutional reform to a national referendum if the National Assembly endorses the changes. The reform, championed by the parliamentary majority, seeks to rebalance institutional powers and reduce the president’s executive prerogatives.

The decision was formally communicated on June 29 during a session at the National Assembly by the Minister of Justice, Moussa Sarr. The president invoked Article 103 of the Constitution, which permits constitutional revisions to be put to a popular vote. This strategic move allows the head of state to bypass potential parliamentary deadlocks and seek direct endorsement from citizens.

The draft reform aims to reshape Senegal’s institutional landscape by strengthening the separation of powers. Key provisions include a more balanced distribution of responsibilities between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, effectively curtailing some of the president’s traditionally broad authorities.

Political tensions fuel the reform’s urgency

The proposed changes enjoy strong support from the parliamentary majority, which aligns with Prime Minister Ousmane Sonko’s political camp. However, the initiative unfolds against a backdrop of growing friction between Senegal’s two top leaders—Bassirou Diomaye Faye and Ousmane Sonko—who, despite their long-standing alliance, have seen their partnership strained in recent months over multiple policy disputes.

Since their rise to power following the March 2024 presidential election, which marked a historic political shift in the country, the two leaders have faced escalating disagreements on key national issues. The decision to hold a referendum not only underscores the reform’s significance but also offers President Faye an opportunity to bypass parliamentary approval and secure public mandate directly.

The upcoming vote will determine whether Senegal moves forward with a constitutional framework designed to modernize its governance and enhance democratic accountability.